Caring for your pet.

City Vets

Fact File—Arthritis in dogs

Arthritis is inflammation of the joints. This can result in changes to joint cartilage , joint fluid and the bones of the joint. This will cause degeneration of articular cartilage followed by bone remodelling and new bone formation . This results in the signs of arthritis.

 

Common types of arthritis

- Osteoarthritis [due to wear and tear ,obesity and trauma]

– Immune mediated

– Infective

– Idiopathic [of unknown cause]

Signs of arthritis

1 – gradual onset of lameness in one or more limbs ,although signs can often worsen acutely

2   - Dogs become less active , reluctant to climb steps or jump into the car

3  - Stiffness is worst after rest often improving after loosening up .

4  - Pain on palpation of joints.

5  - Joints may be swollen.

Causes of arthritis

1 – Traumatic injury causing joint instability. eg cruciate ligament injury.

2 – Obesity is a major cause due to increase load on the joints

3  - Genetic disease , eg hip dysplasia

4  - young dogs can be at risk due to over exercise or improper bone development ,eg ocd.

Diagnosis of arthritis

1 – History of lameness / injury will be very useful

2  - Clinical examination and palpation of the joints .

3  - X-rays will aid assessment of the joints.

4  -Joint fluid can be analysed .

Treatment of arthritis

- Treat obesity if present using  a planned diet and exercise routine.

Repair any traumatic causes of joint instability.

Regular  planned exercise essential.

Anti inflammatory medications may need to be used and are very useful to control pain and encourage mobility .

New drugs are available which increase the health of joints and cartilage , usually given as a course of four injections at weekly intervals.

Medicated diets are available which can be very beneficial in controlling arthritis and encouraging a normal lifestyle for your dog

Arthritis can be a very debilitating disease but in most cases we can greatly improve the quality of life of you and your dog.